Nephrology

The category Nephrology provides all types of information related to kidney. This category (Nephrology) involves the anatomy and physiology of the kidney (normal functioning), diagnostic procedures and treatment options along with diseases of the kidneys.

  • Nephrology (also known as renal medicine) is the branch of medical science that deals with the kidney.
  • Nephrology covers all medical conditions that are related to the kidney.
  • Different studies show that approximately 10% of the population worldwide is affected by chronic kidney disease (CKD), and the mortality rate of CKD patients is high because of the high treatment cost.
  • Diabetes and Hypertension are the major causes of CKD.
  • However, the other kidney disease can also turn into CKD if it does not treat in time properly.
  • CKD can be treated. It is possible to slow or stop the deterioration of kidney disease with early diagnosis and treatment. 
  • The nephrologist (kidney doctor) and the kidney nurse play crucial role in the treatment procedure.

Conductivity Alarm in the Hemodialysis Machine

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Conductivity

Introduction Conductivity (CD) is a measurement of the ability of the total ionic content of dialysate to conduct electricity. It depends on the concentration of the ions, the additivity of the ionic contributions (anions and cations added together) and the type of ions present. CD measurement is an important safety feature. It is measured in … Read more

Long term complications of chronic kidney disease

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Long Term Complications of CKD

There are many complications of chronic kidney disease (CKD). When it does not treat correctly, it may increase morbidity and mortality. Uremic Syndrome Renal Anemia Renal Osteopathy Acid-Base Imbalances Water and Electrolyte Imbalances Cardiovascular Disease Uremic Syndrome Uremia means urine in the blood. It is a type of blood poisoning resulting from the retention of … Read more

Renal Anemia

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Renal Anemia Anemia Before learning about renal anemia, first, you should know about anemia. Anemia is defined as a reduced hemoglobin (Hb) level or too low proportion of erythrocytes in the blood volume (hematocrit). In other words, anemia is a medical condition of an insufficient transport of oxygen in the blood. According to the WHO … Read more

Peritoneal Dialysis

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Peritoneal Dialysis

Peritoneal Dialysis Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a renal replacement procedure for the treatment of renal insufficiency. PD is a procedure to remove waste products (such as creatinine and urea) and extra water through the blood vessels that line the walls of the abdomen when the kidneys are no longer working effectively. The lining of the … Read more

Hemodialysis (HD)

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Hemodialysis (HD)

What is Hemodialysis (HD)? Hemodialysis (HD) is a type of dialysis which is an effective and the most common artificial blood purification procedure (or renal replacement therapy) used in renal failure to replace the detoxification and excretion function. Hemodialysis removes uremic toxins from blood primarily by the transport mechanism of diffusion. The ultrafiltration method helps … Read more

Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT)

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Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT)

Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT) Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) means all extracorporeal dialysis and hemofiltration treatments that are usually carried out under intensive care conditions without significant interruption over 24 hours on one or more days and are primarily used in acute kidney failure. Types of Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT) Continuous Arterio-Venous Method … Read more

Uremia / Uraemia / Uremic Syndrome

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Uremia

Uremia Uremia means urine in the blood. It is a type of blood poisoning resulting from the retention of waste products usually excreted as urine. Uremia results from the failure of the excretory and endocrine functions of the kidneys. A decrease in the glomerular filtration rate leads to an accumulation of toxic metabolites, which results … Read more