Infectious diseases are illnesses caused by microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites that can spread from one person to another. Animals can also transmit these diseases to humans.
Some common examples include the flu, tuberculosis, pneumonia, HIV/AIDS, and COVID-19. They can be spread through various means, such as:
Treatment for infectious diseases varies depending on the type of microorganism causing the disease, as well as the severity of the infection. Some infections can be treated with antibiotics, while others, such as viral infections, cannot be treated with antibiotics and require other forms of treatment. Prevention of infectious diseases involves practicing good hygiene, such as washing hands frequently and covering one’s mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing. Vaccines can also play an important role in preventing the spread of certain infectious diseases.
This category deals with all kinds of infectious diseases like bacterial infections, viral infections, fungal infections, and parasite infections.
Introduction Rabies is a preventable viral zoonotic illness caused by the bite of rabid animals. The rabies virus is a single-stranded, negative-sense RNA virus belonging to the family Rhabdoviridae and the genus Lyssavirus. Incidence Incubation Period Types of Rabies Furious or encephalitic rabies Paralytic rabies Causes of Rabies Risk Factors of Rabies Factors that can … Read more
Introduction Mumps is a contagious viral infection caused by the Mumps virus, a single-stranded, linear, negative-sense RNA virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family and subfamily Rubulavirinae. During illness, the virus first infects the upper respiratory tract. From there, it spreads to the salivary glands and lymph nodes. The virus spreads throughout the body when it … Read more
Introduction Measles (Rubeola) is a highly contagious viral respiratory illness caused by the measles virus, the single-stranded, linear, negative-sense RNA virus, that belongs to the family Paramyxoviridae, a member of the genus Morbillivirus. It is an acute febrile viral illness that can be prevented and causes rashes all over the body. It can be transmitted … Read more
Introduction Influenza (Flu) is a severe, extremely contagious viral respiratory infection that is mostly brought on by the influenza virus. Influenza viruses are members of the Orthomyxoviridae RNA virus family and are divided into influenza A, B, C and D based on their main antigenic distinctions. A wide range of animal species, in addition to … Read more
Introduction Herpes zoster (HZ), popularly known as shingles, is an infectious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), a ubiquitous DNA virus that belongs to the family of human herpes viruses. VZV is a virus that also causes chickenpox. The chickenpox virus lies dormant (inactive) after the resolution of chickenpox in the ganglia of the … Read more
Introduction Chickenpox is a highly contagious disease caused by the Varicella-zoster virus (VZV). VZV is a Herpesviridae-family, linear, double-stranded DNA virus. These viruses spread through aerosolized respiratory droplets or contact with infected skin lesions and infect many tissues during primary infection before becoming dormant. They can reactivate later to cause disease. Incidence Incubation period Causes … Read more
Introduction Clostridioides difficile infection (C. difficile, C. diff., or CDI), also called Clostridium difficile infection, is an infection caused by a gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium Clostridioides difficile. C. difficile is an anaerobic, toxin-producing bacterium that causes antibiotic-associated colitis. It is a type of bacteria found in the intestines of many people which is a normal part … Read more
Introduction Whooping cough is a potentially fatal bacterial infection of the respiratory tract caused by the gram-negative bacterium, Bordetella pertussis. Whooping cough (pertussis) is a highly contagious infection of the lungs and breathing tubes. In many people, it is marked by a severe hacking cough followed by a high-pitched intake of breath that sounds like … Read more
Introduction Diphtheria is a contagious infection caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, a non-encapsulated, non-motile, Gram-positive bacillus bacterium. The bacteria infect and multiply in the airways, releasing a dangerous toxin that can harm major organs. The formation of the pseudo membrane on the site of colonization is a defining feature of the disease. The most common sites … Read more
Introduction Escherichia coli (E. coli) infection is an infection caused by a bacteria called Escherichia coli (abbreviated E. coli). It can result in severe and bloody diarrhea. Escherichia coli (E. coli) E. coli is a gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium of the Enterobacteriaceae family. It is a facultative anaerobic, non-sporulating coliform bacterium that colonizes the gastrointestinal (GI) … Read more