The Acid Concentrate in Bicarbonate Dialysis The acid concentrate is vital in bicarbonate dialysis. Due to the diffusion of dissolved substances from the blood into the dialysis solution and vice versa, the blood concentrations can be increased, decreased, or kept constant. Sodium Sodium significantly influences the volume and osmolarity of the extracellular fluid. Therefore, sodium … Read more
Proportioning of the Dialysis Solution Proportioning means the defined enrichment of the dialysis solution with electrolytes. The electrolytes are now available as an acid concentrate in liquid form in containers, canisters, and the bicarbonate – as Bicart or Bibag. The acid concentration usually contains five electrolytes: sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), and … Read more
Dialysate (Dialysis Solution for the Hemodialysis) Dialysate, also called dialysis fluid or dialysis solution, is a simple composition of pure treated water, an acidic component (acid) and a base component (sodium bicarbonate). It is mixed in the dialysis machine before it comes to the dialyzer. The electrolyte and acid-base imbalances are typical effects of end-stage … Read more
Introduction Conductivity (CD) is a measurement of the ability of the total ionic content of dialysate to conduct electricity. It depends on the concentration of the ions, the additivity of the ionic contributions (anions and cations added together) and the type of ions present. CD measurement is an important safety feature. It is measured in … Read more